Titanium Jump Ring, Niobium Wire ?

Q: I'm after Niobium wire (1mm round) but the only source I've found so far wants £70 a metre for it. Is this what I'll have to pay for it? Or is there a cheaper source? I've never worked with Niobium before but I love that bluish colour! Also, can you solder Niobium?

A:I don't know about the UK, but in the US, the best source I'm aware of for artists especially, is Reactive Metals Inc. (www.reactivemetals.com) They list 18 guage, which is about your desired size. at $1.34 per foot, which should be a more reasonable price for you. I assume, but have not checked, that they can ship internationally, and can vouch for them as a fine company to do business with, as I've dealt with, and know, Bill Seeley (the owner) for years. If even this price is too high for your needs, consider Titanium instead of Niobium. It's a bit whiter in basic color, harder/stiffer, but can also be colored. Niobium colors best with electrolytic anodizing. Titanium can be given a nice blue with just heating. (I'm assuming that the blue your refer to is the anodized/colored color, not the native color of the metal, which is mostly a darkish grey. Nice, but not really a blue...) Like Titanium, Niobium on contact with air forms an impervious hard oxide layer virtually instantly. Heated, the oxide layer gets thicker and denser. Normal soldering fluxes don't effectviely remove it, nor does pickle, etc. Removing it mechanically is possible, but must be done in an inert atmosphere or it instantly reforms. This all makes niobium very difficult, if not impossible, to solder, since solder simply does not stick to the oxide layer or bond with it. Niobium in fact, makes a very good soldering poker for this very reason. It CAN be joined using technologies like laser welding (with argon shielding), or fusion welding (like Sparkie or other capacitive discharge welders), but these often are not simple, or within the easy means of the usual craftsperson's workshop, so most people using niobium, or titanium, rely on mechanical joints such as rivets, bezels, screws and nuts, glues, or the like. So, I can get the blue colour onto the wire by heating it? I want to do some sort of chain for a bead (you can see it one Tink's website here: http://www.blackswampglassworks.com/electrochakra1.jpg. I want to make the chain from both silver and niobium, so I'm thinking about one with fancy silver bits that I can solder, linked with niobium jump rings that don't need soldering because I can spring fit them. Am I talking rubbish now? I'm really just trying to throw a few ideas around to get some feedback! Don't want to spend a small fortune on something that won't work. Titanium might be easier for me to obtain, and that gets the blue colour easier? Will I be able to cut it with a normal jewellers saw? With titanium, yes. Gentle heating with a torch, or even in an oven or over a gas stove burner can color it a nice rich blue. Niobium is considerably harder to heat color, though with practice and luck, you can perhaps do it. Anodizing is a lot more reliable for niobium. With both niobium and titanium, anodizing allows you a much wider range of available colors. But anodizing requires a variable voltage source capable of a range of voltages going rather higher than the usual electroplating power supplies. Often one uses voltages going up as high as a hundred volts or more, for a full range of colors, though you can get by with half of that. The power supply is best when well filtered for DC ripple, but does not actually need

that, so you can build your own from a simple powerstat variable transformer. But the potential voltages involved means this is probably not something to be built by someone unless they've a reasonably good understanding of safety in handling potentially dangerous voltages. Done right, with an isolation transformer before the powerstat, it becomes safer, but still tnese are circuits and methods that deserve some care and research before diving in. Reactive Metals Inc. has good information, especially in Bill Seeley's old Masters Thesis paper, available from them still, which describes a simple circuit for anodizing titanium, and the safety measures needed to do it right.